Empress Liu (Li Maozhen's wife)

Empress Liu, formally Lady Dowager Xiande of Qin (秦國賢德太夫人), was the wife of Li Maozhen, the only ruler of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Qi. During Li Maozhen's reign as the independent Prince of Qi, she carried the title of empress. After he submitted as the vassal of the new Later Tang dynasty, she became known as the Lady of Qin, and later Lady Dowager of Qin after his death.