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Francis Light founded George Town (city hall pictured), the first British settlement in Southeast Asia and the present-day capital of the Malaysian state of Penang.
The first conclave to be held in the Sistine Chapel elected Roderic Borja as Pope Alexander VI to succeed Innocent VIII.
The state-owned Taedonggang Brewing Company inaugurated the first beer festival in North Korea.
Opha May Johnson became the first woman to enlist in the United States Marine Corps.
Bach led the Thomanerchor in Leipzig in the first performance of the chorale cantata, Nimm von uns, Herr, du treuer Gott, BWV 101.
The Rocky Horror Picture Show premiered in London, the first in its record-breaking run in cinemas, which continues in limited release.
One of the first recordings of music, of Arthur Sullivan's "The Lost Chord", was played at a press conference in London to introduce Thomas Edison's phonograph.
The Republic of Korea was established with Syngman Rhee (pictured) as its first president.
Jawaharlal Nehru (pictured) took office as the first prime minister of India, a post he held for 16 years.
Animal Farm, George Orwell's satirical allegory of Soviet totalitarianism, was first published.
The premiere of Götterdämmerung by Richard Wagner (pictured) closed the first Bayreuth Festival.
Australia won the fifth Test of the 1948 Ashes series, becoming the first Test cricket team to go undefeated in England, earning them the nickname "The Invincibles".
John White, governor of the Roanoke Colony, the first English settlement in North America (located in present-day North Carolina), returned after a three-year absence to find it deserted (depicted).
The Bersey Electric Cab (pictured) entered service as the first electric taxi in London.
J. S. Bach led the first performance of Lobe den Herren, den mächtigen König der Ehren, BWV 137, a cantata setting the unchanged text of Neander's hymn.
Pluto (pictured) was photographed for the first time at the Yerkes Observatory in Williams Bay, Wisconsin, U.S., 21 years before it was officially discovered by Clyde Tombaugh.
The first Siege of Pensacola came to an end with the British and Creek abandoning their attempt to capture Pensacola in Spanish Florida.
Peninsular War: British and Portuguese forces put an end to the first French invasion of Portugal at the Battle of Vimeiro.
The national colours of Italy first appeared on a tricolour cockade in Genoa.
King Charles I raised the royal standard at Nottingham, marking the beginning of the First English Civil War.