The 1190s

1199

John is crowned King of England

John was King of England from 1199 until his death in 1216. He lost the Duchy of Normandy and most of his other French lands to King Philip II of France, resulting in the collapse …

John is crowned King of England

1199

Joan of England, queen of Sicily (born 1165)

Joan of England, also known as Joanna, was by marriage Queen of Sicily and Countess of Toulouse. She was the seventh child of King Henry II of England and Duchess Eleanor of Aquita…

Joan of England, queen of Sicily (born 1165)

1198

Philip of Swabia, Prince of Hohenstaufen, is crowned King of Germany (King of the Romans)

Philip of Swabia, styled Philip II in his charters, was a member of the House of Hohenstaufen and King of Germany from 1198 until his assassination.

Philip of Swabia, Prince of Hohenstaufen, is crowned King of Germany (King of the Romans)

1198

Alexander II of Scotland (died 1249)

Alexander II (1198–1249) was King of Scotland from 1214 until his death. He was the son of William the Lion and Ermengarde de Beaumont, succeeding to the throne at the age of sixte…

Alexander II of Scotland (died 1249)

1198

Frederick I, Duke of Austria (born 1175)

Frederick I, known as Frederick the Catholic, was the duke of Austria from 1195 to 1198. He was a member of the House of Babenberg.

Frederick I, Duke of Austria (born 1175)

1198

Berthold of Hanover, Bishop of Livonia

Berthold of Hanover was a German Cistercian and Bishop of Livonia, who met his death in a crusade against the pagan Livonians.

Berthold of Hanover, Bishop of Livonia

1198

Dulce, Queen of Portugal (born 1160)

Dulce of Aragon also called Dulce of Barcelona, (1160–1198) was Queen of Portugal as the wife of King Sancho I of Portugal.

Dulce, Queen of Portugal (born 1160)

1197

Juntoku, Japanese emperor (died 1242)

Emperor Juntoku of the Jōgen was the 84th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1210 through 1221, a part of Japan's…

Juntoku, Japanese emperor (died 1242)

1197

Rhys ap Gruffydd, prince of Deheubarth (born 1132)

Rhys ap Gruffudd or The Lord Rhys was the prince of the region of Deheubarth in south Wales from 1155 to 1197. He also referred to himself as the "Prince of Wales" or "Prince of th…

Rhys ap Gruffydd, prince of Deheubarth (born 1132)

1197

Henry II, Count of Champagne (born 1166)

Henry II was the count of Champagne from 1181 and the lord of the Kingdom of Jerusalem from his marriage to Isabella I of Jerusalem in 1192 until his death in 1197. He was an asser…

Henry II, Count of Champagne (born 1166)

1197

Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor (born 1165)

Henry VI, a member of the Hohenstaufen dynasty, was King of Germany from 1169 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1191 until his death. From 1194, he was also King of Sicily as the husband…

Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor (born 1165)

1196 830 years ago

Conrad II, Duke of Swabia (born 1173)

Conrad II, was Duke of Rothenburg (1188–1191) and Swabia from 1191 until his death. He was the fifth son of Frederick I Barbarossa and Beatrice I, Countess of Burgundy.

Conrad II, Duke of Swabia (born 1173)

1196 830 years ago

Béla III of Hungary (born c

Béla III was King of Hungary and Croatia between 1172 and 1196. He was the second son of King Géza II and Géza's wife, Euphrosyne of Kiev. Around 1161, Géza granted Béla a duchy, w…

Béla III of Hungary (born c

1195

Battle of Alarcos: Almohad forces defeat the Castilian army of Alfonso VIII and force its retreat to Toledo.

Battle of Alarcos, was fought between the Almohads led by Abu Yusuf Ya'qub al-Mansur and King Alfonso VIII of Castile. It resulted in the defeat of the Castilian forces and their s…

Battle of Alarcos: Almohad forces defeat the Castilian army of Alfonso VIII and force its retreat to Toledo.

1195

Anthony of Padua, Portuguese priest and saint (died 1231)

Anthony of Padua or Anthony of Lisbon was a Portuguese Catholic priest and member of the Order of Friars Minor.

Anthony of Padua, Portuguese priest and saint (died 1231)

1195

Herrad of Landsberg, abbess, author, and illustrator (born c. 1130)

Herrad of Landsberg was a 12th-century Alsatian nun and abbess of Hohenburg Abbey in the Vosges mountains. She was known as the author of the pictorial encyclopedia Hortus deliciar…

Herrad of Landsberg, abbess, author, and illustrator (born c. 1130)

1195

Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony and Bavaria (born 1129)

Henry the Lion, also known as Henry III, Duke of Saxony and Henry XII, Duke of Bavaria, was a member of the Welf dynasty.

Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony and Bavaria (born 1129)

1195

Gualdim Pais, Portuguese crusader (born 1118)

Dom Gualdim Pais was a Portuguese crusader, Knight Templar in the service of Afonso Henriques of Portugal. He was the founder of the city of Tomar.

Gualdim Pais, Portuguese crusader (born 1118)

1194

Sverre is crowned King of Norway, leading to his excommunication by the Catholic Church and civil war

Sverre Sigurdsson was the king of Norway from 1184 to 1202.

Sverre is crowned King of Norway, leading to his excommunication by the Catholic Church and civil war

1194

King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first royal charter

Richard I, known as Richard the Lionheart or Richard Cœur de Lion because of his reputation as a great military leader and warrior, was King of England from 1189 until his death in…

King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first royal charter

1194

Michael the Syrian reconsecrates the Mor Bar Sauma Monastery, which he reconstructed after its destruction by a fire

Michael the Syrian, also known as Michael the Great, was the Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch from 1166 until his death in 1199. He is widely regarded as one of the most import…

Michael the Syrian reconsecrates the Mor Bar Sauma Monastery, which he reconstructed after its destruction by a fire

1194

Clare of Assisi, Italian nun and saint (died 1253)

Chiara Offreduccio, known as Clare of Assisi, is an Italian saint who was one of the first followers of Francis of Assisi.

Clare of Assisi, Italian nun and saint (died 1253)

1194

Casimir II the Just, Polish son of Bolesław III Wrymouth (born 1138)

Casimir II the Just was Duke of Wiślica in Lesser Poland from 1166 to 1173, and Duke of Sandomierz from 1173 onward. In 1177, he became ruler of the Polish Seniorate Province at Kr…

Casimir II the Just, Polish son of Bolesław III Wrymouth (born 1138)

1194

King Sancho VI of Navarre (born 1132)

Sancho Garcés VI, called the Wise was King of Navarre from 1150 until his death in 1194. He was the first monarch to officially drop the title of King of Pamplona in favour of King…

King Sancho VI of Navarre (born 1132)