Explore 135 historical events from 1590–1599.
Ahmed I was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1603 to 1617. Ahmed's reign is noteworthy for marking the first breach in the Ottoman tradition of royal fratricide; henceforth, O…
Ahmed I, Ottoman Emperor (died 1617)
Juan de Oñate y Salazar was a Spanish conquistador, explorer and viceroy of the province of Santa Fe de Nuevo México in the viceroyalty of New Spain, in the present-day U.S. state …
Juan de Oñate begins the conquest of Santa Fe de Nuevo México
Maarten Harpertszoon Tromp or Maarten van Tromp was an army general and admiral in the Dutch navy during much of the Eighty Years' War and throughout the First Anglo-Dutch War.
Maarten Tromp, Dutch admiral (died 1653)
Oliver Cromwell was an English statesman, farmer and soldier, widely regarded as one of the most important figures in British history. He came to prominence during the Wars of the …
Oliver Cromwell, English general and politician, Lord Protector of Great Britain (died 1658)
Wilhelm Schickard was a German professor of Hebrew and astronomy who became famous in the second part of the 20th century after Franz Hammer, a biographer of Johannes Kepler, claim…
Wilhelm Schickard, German astronomer and mathematician (died 1635)
Sir John Hobart, 2nd Baronet was an English politician and baronet.
Sir John Hobart, 2nd Baronet, English politician (died 1647)
A nomenclator, in classical times, referred to a slave whose duty was to recall the names of persons his master met during a political campaign. Later, the scope was expanded to in…
Nomenclator of Leiden University Library appears, the first printed catalog of an institutional library
Mumtaz Mahal was the empress consort of Mughal Empire from 1628 to 1631 as the chief consort of the fifth Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan. The Taj Mahal in Agra, often cited as one of t…
Mumtaz Mahal, Mughal empress buried at the Taj Mahal (died 1631)
Giovanni Battista Riccioli was an Italian astronomer and a Catholic priest in the Jesuit order. He is known, among other things, for his experiments with pendulums and with falling…
Giovanni Battista Riccioli, Italian priest and astronomer (died 1671)
Henry IV, also known by the epithets Good King Henry or Henry the Great, was King of Navarre from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 1610. He was the first monarch of France from…
Henry IV of France issues the Edict of Nantes, allowing freedom of religion to the Huguenots
The Nine Years' War was a conflict in Ireland between a confederacy of Irish lords and the English-led government. The war was primarily a response to the English Crown's advances …
Nine Years' War: Battle of Curlew Pass: Irish forces led by Hugh Roe O'Donnell successfully ambush English forces, led…
Oliver Cromwell was an English statesman, farmer and soldier, widely regarded as one of the most important figures in British history. He came to prominence during the Wars of the …
Oliver Cromwell, English general and politician, Lord Protector of Great Britain (died 1658)
Samuel Bochart was a French biblical scholar and Reformed minister, a student of Thomas Erpenius and the teacher of Pierre Daniel Huet. His two-volume Geographia Sacra seu Phaleg e…
Samuel Bochart, French Protestant biblical scholar (died 1667)
Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez was a Spanish Baroque painter, the leading artist in the court of King Philip IV of Spain and Portugal, and of the Spanish Golden Age. He is ge…
Diego Velázquez (date of baptism), Spanish painter and educator (died 1660)
The Curtius Baronetcy of Sweden was a title in the Baronetage of England, created on 2 April 1652 for William Curtius, "Resident to the King of Sweden".
Sir William Curtius FRS, German magistrate, English baronet (died 1678)
Meric Casaubon was an English classical scholar. He was the first to translate the Meditations of Marcus Aurelius into English. He was the son of Isaac Casaubon.
Méric Casaubon, Swiss-English scholar and author (died 1671)
Countess Agatha Marie of Hanau-Lichtenberg was a daughter of Count Johann Reinhard I (1569-1625) and his wife, Countess Maria Elisabeth of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein (1576-1605).
Agatha Marie of Hanau, German noblewoman (died 1636)
Maeda Toshiie was one of the leading generals of Oda Nobunaga following the Sengoku period of the 16th century extending to the Azuchi–Momoyama period. His preferred weapon was a …
Maeda Toshiie, Japanese general (born 1538)
Murad Mirza was a Mughal prince and the second surviving son of Mughal Emperor Akbar. He was raised by Salima Sultan Begum until the age of 5. He was the maternal grandfather of Na…
Murad Mirza, Mughal prince (born 1570)
Chōsokabe Motochika was a daimyō in Japanese Sengoku-period. He was the 21st chief of the Chōsokabe clan of Tosa Province, the ruler of Shikoku region.
Chōsokabe Motochika, Japanese daimyō (born 1539)
Luca Marenzio was an Italian composer and singer of the late Renaissance.
Luca Marenzio, Italian singer-songwriter (born 1553)
Juan de Oñate y Salazar was a Spanish conquistador, explorer and viceroy of the province of Santa Fe de Nuevo México in the viceroyalty of New Spain, in the present-day U.S. state …
Juan de Oñate begins the conquest of Santa Fe de Nuevo México
Henry IV, also known by the epithets Good King Henry or Henry the Great, was King of Navarre from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 1610. He was the first monarch of France from…
Henry IV of France issues the Edict of Nantes, allowing freedom of religion to the Huguenots
Castillo San Felipe del Morro, most commonly known as El Morro, is a large fortress and citadel in the Old San Juan historic quarter of San Juan, the capital city and municipality …
The Spanish-held Castillo San Felipe del Morro in San Juan, Puerto Rico having been besieged for fifteen days, surrender
William Shakespeare was an English playwright, poet and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is oft…
William Shakespeare's play, The Merchant of Venice, is entered on the Stationers' Register. By decree of Queen…
Maarten Harpertszoon Tromp or Maarten van Tromp was an army general and admiral in the Dutch navy during much of the Eighty Years' War and throughout the First Anglo-Dutch War.
Maarten Tromp, Dutch admiral (died 1653)
Gilbert Sheldon was an English religious leader who served as the Archbishop of Canterbury from 1663 until his death.
Gilbert Sheldon, Archbishop of Canterbury (died 1677)
Alessandro Algardi was an Italian high-Baroque sculptor active almost exclusively in Rome. In the latter decades of his life, he was, along with Francesco Borromini and Pietro da C…
Alessandro Algardi, Italian sculptor (died 1654)
Georg Stiernhielm was a Swedish civil servant, mathematician, linguist and poet. He has been called "the father of the Swedish skald art".
Georg Stiernhielm, Swedish poet and linguist (died 1672)
The Nine Years' War was a conflict in Ireland between a confederacy of Irish lords and the English-led government. The war was primarily a response to the English Crown's advances …
Nine Years' War: Battle of the Yellow Ford: Irish forces under Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone, defeat an English…
Giovanni Battista Riccioli was an Italian astronomer and a Catholic priest in the Jesuit order. He is known, among other things, for his experiments with pendulums and with falling…
Giovanni Battista Riccioli, Italian priest and astronomer (died 1671)
Abraham Ortelius was a cartographer, geographer, and cosmographer from Antwerp in the Spanish Netherlands. He is recognized as the creator of the first modern atlas, the Theatrum O…
Abraham Ortelius, Flemish cartographer and geographer (born 1527)
William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley, was an English statesman, the chief adviser of Queen Elizabeth I for most of her reign, twice Secretary of State and Lord High Treasurer from 157…
William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley, English academic and politician, Lord High Treasurer (born 1520)
The Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) was an intermittent conflict between Habsburg Spain and the Kingdom of England that was never formally declared. It began with England's military …
Anglo-Spanish War: After a 15-day siege Spanish troops in San Juan, modern-day Puerto Rico, surrendered to an English fo