The 1800s

1801 225 years ago

First Barbary War: The Barbary corsairs of Tripoli declared war on the United States by cutting down the flagstaff in fr

The First Barbary War (1801–1805), also known as the Tripolitan War and the Barbary Coast War, was a conflict during the 1801–1815 Barbary Wars, in which the United States fought a…

First Barbary War: The Barbary corsairs of Tripoli declared war on the United States by cutting down the flagstaff in fr

1800

The Septinsular Republic is established

The Septinsular Republic, also known as the Republic of the Seven United Islands, was an oligarchic republic that existed from 1800 to 1807 under nominal Russian and Ottoman sovere…

The Septinsular Republic is established

1800

The United States Library of Congress is established when President John Adams signs legislation to appropriate $5,000 t

The Library of Congress is a research library in Washington, D.C., serving as the library and research service for the United States Congress and the de facto national library of t…

The United States Library of Congress is established when President John Adams signs legislation to appropriate $5,000 t

1800

The 6th United States Congress recesses, and the process of moving the Federal government of the United States from Phil

The 6th United States Congress was the 6th meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. It …

The 6th United States Congress recesses, and the process of moving the Federal government of the United States from Phil

1800

David Thompson reaches the mouth of the Saskatchewan River in Manitoba

David Thompson was a British fur trader, surveyor, and cartographer, known to some native people as "Koo-Koo-Sint" or "the Stargazer". Over Thompson's career, he travelled 90,000 k…

David Thompson reaches the mouth of the Saskatchewan River in Manitoba

1800

The French Army of First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte defeats the Austrians at the Battle of Marengo in Northern Italy and

Napoleon Bonaparte, later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was Emperor of the French from 18 May 1804 until his first abdication in 1814, with a brief restoration during the Hu…

The French Army of First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte defeats the Austrians at the Battle of Marengo in Northern Italy and

1800

War of the Second Coalition Battle of Höchstädt results in a French victory over Austria

The War of the Second Coalition (1798–1802) was the second war between revolutionary France and a coalition of European monarchies, led by Britain, Austria and Russia, and includin…

War of the Second Coalition Battle of Höchstädt results in a French victory over Austria

1800

Louis Christophe François Hachette, French publisher (died 1864)

Louis Christophe François Hachette was a French publisher who established a Paris publishing house designed to produce books and other material to improve the system of school inst…

Louis Christophe François Hachette, French publisher (died 1864)

1800

Roman Sanguszko, Polish general (died 1881)

Prince Roman Adam Stanisław Sanguszko (1800–1881) was a Polish aristocrat, patriot, political and social activist.

Roman Sanguszko, Polish general (died 1881)

1800

John Brown, American abolitionist (died 1859)

John Brown was an American abolitionist in the decades preceding the Civil War. First reaching national prominence in the 1850s for his radical abolitionism and fighting in Bleedin…

John Brown, American abolitionist (died 1859)

1800

Rómulo Díaz de la Vega, Mexican general and president (1855) (died 1877)

José María Rómulo Díaz de la Vega Fuentes was a Mexican military officer and politician. As commander of the garrison in Mexico City, he was the de facto president of Mexico in 185…

Rómulo Díaz de la Vega, Mexican general and president (1855) (died 1877)

1800

George Bingham, 3rd Earl of Lucan, English field marshal and politician (died 1888)

George Charles Bingham, 3rd Earl of Lucan,, styled Lord Bingham before 1839, was an Anglo-Irish peer and military officer. He was one of three men, along with Louis Nolan and Lord …

George Bingham, 3rd Earl of Lucan, English field marshal and politician (died 1888)

1800

Henri-Marie-Gaston Boisnormand de Bonnechose, French cardinal (died 1883)

Henri-Marie-Gaston Boisnormand de Bonnechose was a French Catholic and senator. He was the last surviving cardinal to have been born in the 18th century.

Henri-Marie-Gaston Boisnormand de Bonnechose, French cardinal (died 1883)

1800

Edward Deas Thomson, Australian educator and politician, Chief Secretary of New South Wales (died 1879)

Sir Edward Deas Thomson was a Scotsman who became an administrator and politician in Australia, and was chancellor of the University of Sydney.

Edward Deas Thomson, Australian educator and politician, Chief Secretary of New South Wales (died 1879)

1800

Samuel Wright Mardis, American politician (died 1836)

Samuel Wright Mardis was an American politician and a member of the United States House of Representatives from Alabama. He was born on June 12, 1800, in Fayetteville, Tennessee. H…

Samuel Wright Mardis, American politician (died 1836)

1800

William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse, English-Irish astronomer and politician (died 1867)

William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse, was an English engineer and astronomer. He built several giant telescopes. His 72-inch telescope, built in 1845 and colloquially known as the "L…

William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse, English-Irish astronomer and politician (died 1867)

1800

William Cowper, English poet (born 1731)

William Cowper was an English poet and Anglican hymnwriter.

William Cowper, English poet (born 1731)

1800

Niccolò Piccinni, Italian composer (born 1728)

Niccolò Piccinni was an Italian composer of symphonies, sacred music, chamber music, and opera. Although he is somewhat obscure today, Piccinni was one of the most popular composer…

Niccolò Piccinni, Italian composer (born 1728)

1800

Alexander Suvorov, Russian general (born 1729)

Count Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov-Rymniksky, Prince of Italy was a Russian general and military theorist in the service of the Russian Empire.

Alexander Suvorov, Russian general (born 1729)

1800

Louis Desaix, French general (born 1768)

Louis Charles Antoine Desaix was a French general and military leader during the French Revolutionary Wars. According to the usage of the time, he took the name Louis Charles Antoi…

Louis Desaix, French general (born 1768)

1800

Jean-Baptiste Kléber, French general (born 1753)

Divisional-General Jean-Baptiste Kléber was a French army officer and architect who served in the War of the Bavarian Succession and French Revolutionary Wars. After serving for on…

Jean-Baptiste Kléber, French general (born 1753)

1800

Abraham Gotthelf Kästner, German mathematician and academic (born 1719)

Abraham Gotthelf Kästner was a mathematician and epigrammatist from the Holy Roman Empire.

Abraham Gotthelf Kästner, German mathematician and academic (born 1719)

1800

The Library of Congress (building pictured), the de facto national library of the United States, was established as part

The Library of Congress is a research library in Washington, D.C., serving as the library and research service for the United States Congress and the de facto national library of t…

The Library of Congress (building pictured), the de facto national library of the United States, was established as part

1800

War of the Second Coalition: In the Battle of Marengo, Napoleonic forces secured victory over the Habsburgs when defeat

The War of the Second Coalition (1798–1802) was the second war between revolutionary France and a coalition of European monarchies, led by Britain, Austria and Russia, and includin…

War of the Second Coalition: In the Battle of Marengo, Napoleonic forces secured victory over the Habsburgs when defeat