Explore 238 historical events from 1640–1649.
René Goupil,, was a French Jesuit lay missionary who became a lay brother of the Society of Jesus shortly before his death. He was the first of the eight North American Martyrs of …
René Goupil, French missionary and saint (born 1608)
William, Count of Nassau-Siegen, German: Wilhelm Graf von Nassau-Siegen, official titles: Graf zu Nassau, Katzenelnbogen, Vianden und Diez, Herr zu Beilstein, was Count of Nassau-S…
William, Count of Nassau-Siegen, German count, field marshal of the Dutch State Army (born 1592)
William Stanley, 6th Earl of Derby was an English nobleman and politician. Stanley inherited a prominent social position that was both dangerous and unstable, as his mother was hei…
William Stanley, 6th Earl of Derby, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Cheshire (born 1561)
Robert Bertie, 1st Earl of Lindsey was an English military officer and courtier.
Robert Bertie, 1st Earl of Lindsey, English peer and courtier (born 1582)
Charles I was King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649.
King Charles I raised the royal standard at Nottingham, marking the beginning of the First English Civil War.
The First English Civil War took place in England and Wales from 1642 to 1646, and forms part of the 1639 to 1653 Wars of the Three Kingdoms. An estimated 15% to 20% of adult males…
First English Civil War: Royalist and Parliamentarian forces clashed in the Battle of Babylon Hill, after which both…
The Treaty of London was an agreement signed between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland in 1641 which formally brought an end to the 1639 to 1640 Bishops' Wars.
The Treaty of London between England and Scotland, ending the Bishops' Wars, is signed.
Sir Dudley North was an English merchant, politician, economist and writer on free trade. He was also a member of the North family.
Dudley North, English economist and politician (died 1691)
Irish Catholics are an ethnoreligious group native to Ireland whose members are both Catholic and Irish. The diaspora and the descendants of Irish Catholics includes millions of Br…
Irish Catholic gentry from Ulster attempt to seize control of Dublin Castle, the seat of English rule in Ireland, so…
Sir Phelim Roe O'Neill of Kinard was an Irish politician and soldier who started the Irish rebellion in Ulster on 23 October 1641. He joined the Irish Catholic Confederation in 164…
Felim O'Neill of Kinard, the leader of the Irish Rebellion, issues his Proclamation of Dungannon, justifying the…
Nicolaes Witsen was a Dutch statesman who was mayor of Amsterdam thirteen times, between 1682 and 1706. In 1693, he became administrator of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). In 1…
Nicolaes Witsen, Mayor of Amsterdam, Netherlands (died 1717)
Dositheus II Notaras of Jerusalem was the Patriarch of Jerusalem between 1669 and 1707 and a theologian of the Eastern Orthodox Church. He was known for standing against influences…
Patriarch Dositheos II of Jerusalem (died 1707)
Marie Casimire Louise de La Grange d'Arquien, known also by the diminutive form "Marysieńka", was a French noblewoman who became the queen consort of Poland and grand duchess conso…
Marie Casimire Louise de La Grange d'Arquien, consort to King John III Sobieski (died 1716)
General Meinhardt Schomberg, 3rd Duke of Schomberg, 1st Duke of Leinster, KG, was a German-born military officer and peer who served as Commander-in-Chief of the Forces in 1691. He…
Meinhardt Schomberg, 3rd Duke of Schomberg, German-English general (died 1719)
Regnier de Graaf, original Dutch spelling Reinier de Graaf, or Latinized Reijnerus de Graeff, was a Dutch physician, physiologist and anatomist who made key discoveries in reproduc…
Regnier de Graaf, Dutch physician and anatomist (died 1673)
Tokugawa Ietsuna was a Japanese samurai, daimyo and the fourth shōgun of the Tokugawa dynasty of Japan who was in office from 1651 to 1680. He is considered the eldest son of Toku…
Tokugawa Ietsuna, Japanese shōgun (died 1680)
Nehemiah Grew was an English plant anatomist and physiologist, known as the "Father of Plant Anatomy".
Nehemiah Grew, English plant anatomist and physiologist (died 1712)
Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland, was an English nobleman and politician of the Spencer family. An able and gifted statesman, his caustic temper and belief in absolute monarc…
Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland, English diplomat (died 1702)
Françoise-Athénaïs de Rochechouart de Mortemart, Marquise of Montespan, commonly known as Madame de Montespan, was a French noblewoman and the most celebrated royal mistress of Kin…
Françoise-Athénaïs, marquise de Montespan, French mistress of Louis XIV (died 1707)
Johan Banér was a Swedish field marshal in the Thirty Years' War.
Johan Banér, Swedish field marshal (born 1596)
Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford, was an English statesman and a major figure in the period leading up to the English Civil War. He served in Parliament and was a supporter …
Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford, English soldier and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (born 1593)
Matthijs Hendrikszoon Quast, anglicized as Matthys and Matthew Quast, was a Dutch merchant and explorer in the service of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). Quast made several voy…
Matthijs Quast, Dutch explorer
Ulster is one of the four historical provinces of Ireland, located in the northern part of the island. It is made up of nine counties, with six of these comprising Northern Ireland…
Irish Catholic gentry in Ulster tried to seize control of Dublin Castle, the seat of English rule in Ireland, to force…
Charles I was King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649.
King Charles I of England dissolves the Short Parliament